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commit c9898afbcc069b4ccdb90ab1c12082a4d37cd724
Author: Werner Koch <wk at gnupg.org>
Date: Fri Aug 28 08:47:25 2015 +0200
id: Update eddsa-for-openpgp
diff --git a/misc/id/common/README b/misc/id/common/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5afef41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/misc/id/common/README
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Online references can be found at:
+ http://xml.resource.org/public/rfc/bibxml3/
diff --git a/misc/id/common/reference.I-D.josefsson-eddsa-ed25519.xml b/misc/id/common/reference.I-D.josefsson-eddsa-ed25519.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..431a8d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/misc/id/common/reference.I-D.josefsson-eddsa-ed25519.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
+
+<reference anchor='I-D.josefsson-eddsa-ed25519'>
+<front>
+<title>EdDSA and Ed25519</title>
+
+<author initials='S' surname='Josefsson' fullname='Simon Josefsson'>
+ <organization />
+</author>
+
+<author initials='N' surname='Moller' fullname='Niels Moller'>
+ <organization />
+</author>
+
+<date month='May' day='12' year='2015' />
+
+<abstract><t>The elliptic curve signature scheme EdDSA and one instance of it called Ed25519 is described. An example implementation and test vectors are provided.</t></abstract>
+
+</front>
+
+<seriesInfo name='Internet-Draft' value='draft-josefsson-eddsa-ed25519-03' />
+<format type='TXT'
+ target='http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-josefsson-eddsa-ed25519-03.txt' />
+</reference>
diff --git a/misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/back.mkd b/misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/back.mkd
index 988b8f6..505b727 100644
--- a/misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/back.mkd
+++ b/misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/back.mkd
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
# Test vectors
For help implementing this specification a non-normative example is
-given. This example assumes that the algorithm id for EdDSA will
+given. This example assumes that the algorithm id for EdDSA (TBD1) will
be 22.
@@ -76,3 +76,4 @@ other values might also be interesting for other ECC specifications:
- Fixed decription in the test vectors regarding an extra 0x00 byte.
- Small gramar fixes.
+ - Reference Josefsson's EdDSA I-D instead of the original paper.
diff --git a/misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/draft-koch-eddsa-for-openpgp-03.txt b/misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/draft-koch-eddsa-for-openpgp-03.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd083d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/draft-koch-eddsa-for-openpgp-03.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,448 @@
+
+
+
+
+Network Working Group W. Koch
+Internet-Draft g10 Code
+Updates: 4880 (if approved) August 28, 2015
+Intended status: Informational
+Expires: February 29, 2016
+
+
+ EdDSA for OpenPGP
+ draft-koch-eddsa-for-openpgp-03
+
+Abstract
+
+ This specification extends OpenPGP with the EdDSA public key
+ algorithm and describes the use of curve Ed25519.
+
+Status of This Memo
+
+ This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
+ provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
+
+ Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
+ Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
+ working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
+ Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
+
+ Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
+ and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
+ time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
+ material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
+
+ This Internet-Draft will expire on February 29, 2016.
+
+Copyright Notice
+
+ Copyright (c) 2015 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
+ document authors. All rights reserved.
+
+ This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
+ Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
+ (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
+ publication of this document. Please review these documents
+ carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
+ to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
+ include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
+ the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
+ described in the Simplified BSD License.
+
+
+
+
+
+Koch Expires February 29, 2016 [Page 1]
+
+Internet-Draft EdDSA for OpenPGP August 2015
+
+
+Table of Contents
+
+ 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
+ 2. Supported Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
+ 3. Point Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
+ 4. Encoding of Public and Private Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
+ 5. Message Encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
+ 6. Curve OID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
+ 7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
+ 8. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
+ 9. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
+ 10. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
+ 10.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
+ 10.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
+ Appendix A. Test vectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
+ A.1. Sample key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
+ A.2. Sample signature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
+ Appendix B. Point compression flag bytes . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
+ Appendix C. Changes since -02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
+ Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
+
+1. Introduction
+
+ The OpenPGP specification in [RFC4880] defines the RSA, Elgamal, and
+ DSA public key algorithms. [RFC6637] adds support for Elliptic Curve
+ Cryptography and specifies the ECDSA and ECDH algorithms. Due to
+ patent reasons no point compression was defined.
+
+ This document specifies how to use the EdDSA public key signature
+ algorithm [I-D.josefsson-eddsa-ed25519] with the OpenPGP standard.
+ It defines a new signature algorithm named EdDSA and specifies how to
+ use the Ed25519 curve with EdDSA. This algorithm uses a custom point
+ compression method. There are three main advantages of the EdDSA
+ algorithm: It does not require the use of a unique random number for
+ each signature, there are no padding or truncation issues as with
+ ECDSA, and it is more resilient to side-channel attacks.
+
+ The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
+ "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
+ document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
+
+2. Supported Curves
+
+ This document references the Curve "Ed25519" which is the Edwards
+ form of "Curve25519" and specified in the same paper as the "EdDSA"
+ algorithm ([ED25519]). For the full specification see
+ [I-D.josefsson-eddsa-ed25519].
+
+
+
+
+Koch Expires February 29, 2016 [Page 2]
+
+Internet-Draft EdDSA for OpenPGP August 2015
+
+
+ Other curves may be used by using a specific OID for the curve and
+ its EdDSA parameters.
+
+ The following public key algorithm IDs are added to expand section
+ 9.1 of [RFC4880], "Public-Key Algorithms":
+
+ +-------+-----------------------------+
+ | ID | Description of Algorithm |
+ +-------+-----------------------------+
+ | TBD1 | EdDSA public key algorithm |
+ +-------+-----------------------------+
+
+ Compliant applications MUST support EdDSA with the curve Ed25519.
+ Applications MAY support other curves as long as a dedicated OID for
+ using that curve with EdDSA is used.
+
+3. Point Format
+
+ The EdDSA algorithm defines a specific point compression format. To
+ indicate the use of this compression format and to make sure that the
+ key can be represented in the Multiprecision Integer (MPI) format of
+ [RFC4880] the octet string specifying the point is prefixed with the
+ octet 0x40. This encoding is an extension of the encoding given in
+ [RFC6637] which uses 0x04 to indicate an uncompressed point.
+
+ For example, the length of a public key for the curve Ed25519 is 263
+ bit: 7 bit to represent the 0x40 prefix octet and 32 octets for the
+ native value of the public key.
+
+4. Encoding of Public and Private Keys
+
+ The following algorithm specific packets are added to Section 5.5.2
+ of [RFC4880], "Public-Key Packet Formats", to support EdDSA.
+
+ Algorithm-Specific Fields for EdDSA keys:
+
+ o a variable length field containing a curve OID, formatted as
+ follows:
+
+ * a one-octet size of the following field; values 0 and 0xFF are
+ reserved for future extensions,
+
+ * octets representing a curve OID, defined in Section 6.
+
+ o MPI of an EC point representing a public key Q as described under
+ Point Format above.
+
+
+
+
+
+Koch Expires February 29, 2016 [Page 3]
+
+Internet-Draft EdDSA for OpenPGP August 2015
+
+
+ The following algorithm specific packets are added to Section 5.5.3
+ of [RFC4880], "Secret-Key Packet Formats", to support EdDSA.
+
+ Algorithm-Specific Fields for EdDSA keys:
+
+ o an MPI of an integer representing the secret key, which is a
+ scalar of the public EC point.
+
+ The version 4 packet format MUST be used.
+
+5. Message Encoding
+
+ Section 5.2.3 of [RFC4880], "Version 4 Signature Packet Format"
+ specifies formats. To support EdDSA no change is required, the MPIs
+ representing the R and S value are encoded as MPIs in the same way as
+ done for the DSA and ECDSA algorithms; in particular the Algorithm-
+ Specific Fields for an EdDSA signature are:
+
+ - MPI of EdDSA value r.
+
+ - MPI of EdDSA value s.
+
+ Note that the compressed version of R and S as specified for EdDSA
+ ([I-D.josefsson-eddsa-ed25519]) is used.
+
+ The version 3 signature format MUST NOT be used with EdDSA.
+
+ Although that algorithm allows arbitrary data as input, its use with
+ OpenPGP requires that a digest of the message is used as input. See
+ section 5.2.4 of [RFC4880], "Computing Signatures" for details.
+ Truncation of the resulting digest is never applied; the resulting
+ digest value is used verbatim as input to the EdDSA algorithm.
+
+6. Curve OID
+
+ The EdDSA key parameter curve OID is an array of octets that defines
+ a named curve. The table below specifies the exact sequence of bytes
+ for each named curve referenced in this document:
+
+ +------------------------+------+------------------------+----------+
+ | OID | Len | Encoding in hex format | Name |
+ +------------------------+------+------------------------+----------+
+ | 1.3.6.1.4.1.11591.15.1 | 9 | 2B 06 01 04 01 DA 47 | Ed25519 |
+ | | | 0F 01 | |
+ +------------------------+------+------------------------+----------+
+
+ See [RFC6637] for a description of the OID encoding given in the
+ second and third columns.
+
+
+
+Koch Expires February 29, 2016 [Page 4]
+
+Internet-Draft EdDSA for OpenPGP August 2015
+
+
+7. Security Considerations
+
+ The security considerations of [RFC4880] apply accordingly.
+
+ Although technically possible the use of EdDSA with digest algorithms
+ weaker than SHA-256 (e.g. SHA-1) is not suggested.
+
+8. IANA Considerations
+
+ IANA is requested to assign an algorithm number from the OpenPGP
+ Public-Key Algorithms range, or the "namespace" in the terminology of
+ [RFC5226], that was created by [RFC4880]. See section 2.
+
+ +-------+-----------------------------+------------+
+ | ID | Algorithm | Reference |
+ +-------+-----------------------------+------------+
+ | TBD1 | EdDSA public key algorithm | This doc |
+ +-------+-----------------------------+------------+
+
+ [Notes to RFC-Editor: Please remove the table above on publication.
+ It is desirable not to reuse old or reserved algorithms because some
+ existing tools might print a wrong description. A higher number is
+ also an indication for a newer algorithm. As of now 22 is the next
+ free number.]
+
+9. Acknowledgments
+
+ The author would like to acknowledge the help of the individuals who
+ kindly voiced their opinions on the IETF OpenPGP and GnuPG mailing
+ lists, in particular, the help of Andrey Jivsov, Jon Callas, and
+ NIIBE Yutaka.
+
+10. References
+
+10.1. Normative References
+
+ [I-D.josefsson-eddsa-ed25519]
+ Josefsson, S. and N. Moller, "EdDSA and Ed25519", draft-
+ josefsson-eddsa-ed25519-03 (work in progress), May 2015.
+
+ [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
+ Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
+
+ [RFC4880] Callas, J., Donnerhacke, L., Finney, H., Shaw, D., and R.
+ Thayer, "OpenPGP Message Format", RFC 4880, November 2007.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Koch Expires February 29, 2016 [Page 5]
+
+Internet-Draft EdDSA for OpenPGP August 2015
+
+
+ [RFC5226] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
+ IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226,
+ May 2008.
+
+ [RFC6637] Jivsov, A., "Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) in
+ OpenPGP", RFC 6637, June 2012.
+
+10.2. Informative References
+
+ [ED25519] Bernstein, D., Duif, N., Lange, T., Schwabe, P., and B.
+ Yang, "High-speed high-security signatures", Journal of
+ Cryptographic Engineering Volume 2, Issue 2, pp. 77-89,
+ September 2011,
+ <http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13389-012-0027-1>.
+
+Appendix A. Test vectors
+
+ For help implementing this specification a non-normative example is
+ given. This example assumes that the algorithm id for EdDSA (TBD1)
+ will be 22.
+
+A.1. Sample key
+
+ The secret key used for this example is:
+
+ D: 1a8b1ff05ded48e18bf50166c664ab023ea70003d78d9e41f5758a91d850f8d2
+
+ Note that this is the raw secret key used as input to the EdDSA
+ signing operation. The key was created on 2014-08-19 14:28:27 and
+ thus the fingerprint of the OpenPGP key is:
+
+ C959 BDBA FA32 A2F8 9A15 3B67 8CFD E121 9796 5A9A
+
+ The algorithm specific input parameters without the MPI length
+ headers are:
+
+ oid: 2b06010401da470f01
+
+ q: 403f098994bdd916ed4053197934e4a87c80733a1280d62f8010992e43ee3b2406
+
+ The entire public key packet is thus:
+
+ 98 33 04 53 f3 5f 0b 16 09 2b 06 01 04 01 da 47
+ 0f 01 01 07 40 3f 09 89 94 bd d9 16 ed 40 53 19
+ 79 34 e4 a8 7c 80 73 3a 12 80 d6 2f 80 10 99 2e
+ 43 ee 3b 24 06
+
+
+
+
+
+Koch Expires February 29, 2016 [Page 6]
+
+Internet-Draft EdDSA for OpenPGP August 2015
+
+
+A.2. Sample signature
+
+ The signature is created using the sample key over the input data
+ "OpenPGP" on 2015-09-16 12:24:53 and thus the input to the hash
+ function is:
+
+ m: 4f70656e504750040016080006050255f95f9504ff0000000c
+
+ Using the SHA-256 hash algorithm yields the digest:
+
+ d: f6220a3f757814f4c2176ffbb68b00249cd4ccdc059c4b34ad871f30b1740280
+
+ Which is fed into the EdDSA signature function and yields this
+ signature:
+
+ r: 56f90cca98e2102637bd983fdb16c131dfd27ed82bf4dde5606e0d756aed3366
+
+ s: d09c4fa11527f038e0f57f2201d82f2ea2c9033265fa6ceb489e854bae61b404
+
+ The entire signature packet is thus:
+
+ 88 5e 04 00 16 08 00 06 05 02 55 f9 5f 95 00 0a
+ 09 10 8c fd e1 21 97 96 5a 9a f6 22 01 00 56 f9
+ 0c ca 98 e2 10 26 37 bd 98 3f db 16 c1 31 df d2
+ 7e d8 2b f4 dd e5 60 6e 0d 75 6a ed 33 66 01 00
+ d0 9c 4f a1 15 27 f0 38 e0 f5 7f 22 01 d8 2f 2e
+ a2 c9 03 32 65 fa 6c eb 48 9e 85 4b ae 61 b4 04
+
+Appendix B. Point compression flag bytes
+
+ This specification introduces the new flag byte 0x40 to indicate the
+ point compression format. The value has been chosen so that the high
+ bit is not cleared and thus to avoid accidental sign extension. Two
+ other values might also be interesting for other ECC specifications:
+
+ Flag Description
+ ---- -----------
+ 0x04 Standard flag for uncompression format
+ 0x40 Native point format of the curve follows
+ 0x41 Only X coordinate follows.
+ 0x42 Only Y coordinate follows.
+
+Appendix C. Changes since -02
+
+ o Fixed decription in the test vectors regarding an extra 0x00 byte.
+
+ o Small gramar fixes.
+
+
+
+
+Koch Expires February 29, 2016 [Page 7]
+
+Internet-Draft EdDSA for OpenPGP August 2015
+
+
+ o Reference Josefsson's EdDSA I-D instead of the original paper.
+
+Author's Address
+
+ Werner Koch
+ g10 Code
+
+ Email: wk at gnupg.org
+ URI: https://g10code.com
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
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+Koch Expires February 29, 2016 [Page 8]
diff --git a/misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/middle.mkd b/misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/middle.mkd
index 9e2de3f..2dfeb92 100644
--- a/misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/middle.mkd
+++ b/misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/middle.mkd
@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ Elliptic Curve Cryptography and specifies the ECDSA and ECDH
algorithms. Due to patent reasons no point compression was defined.
This document specifies how to use the EdDSA public key signature
-algorithm [](#ED25519) with the OpenPGP standard. It defines a new
-signature algorithm named EdDSA and specifies how to use the Ed25519
-curve with EdDSA. This algorithm uses a custom point compression
-method. There are three main advantages of the EdDSA algorithm: It
-does not require the use of a unique random number for each signature,
-there are no padding or truncation issues as with ECDSA, and it is
-more resilient to side-channel attacks.
+algorithm [](#I-D.josefsson-eddsa-ed25519) with the OpenPGP standard.
+It defines a new signature algorithm named EdDSA and specifies how to
+use the Ed25519 curve with EdDSA. This algorithm uses a custom point
+compression method. There are three main advantages of the EdDSA
+algorithm: It does not require the use of a unique random number for
+each signature, there are no padding or truncation issues as with
+ECDSA, and it is more resilient to side-channel attacks.
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@ document are to be interpreted as described in [](#RFC2119).
This document references the Curve "Ed25519" which is the Edwards form
of "Curve25519" and specified in the same paper as the "EdDSA"
-algorithm ([](#ED25519)).
+algorithm ([](#ED25519)). For the full specification see
+[](#I-D.josefsson-eddsa-ed25519).
Other curves may be used by using a specific OID for the curve and its
EdDSA parameters.
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ Algorithm-Specific Fields for an EdDSA signature are:
- MPI of EdDSA value s.
Note that the compressed version of R and S as specified for EdDSA
-([](#ED25519)) is used.
+([](#I-D.josefsson-eddsa-ed25519)) is used.
The version 3 signature format MUST NOT be used with EdDSA.
diff --git a/misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/template.xml b/misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/template.xml
index 85bb532..e37c399 100644
--- a/misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/template.xml
+++ b/misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/template.xml
@@ -9,7 +9,11 @@
<!ENTITY rfc.5226 PUBLIC '' '../common/reference.RFC.5226.xml'>
<!ENTITY rfc.6637 PUBLIC '' '../common/reference.RFC.6637.xml'>
<!ENTITY ed25519 PUBLIC '' '../common/reference.ED25519.xml'>
+ <!ENTITY eddsaed25519
+ PUBLIC '' '../common/reference.I-D.josefsson-eddsa-ed25519.xml'>
+
]>
+
<rfc ipr="trust200902" category="info" updates="4880"
docName="draft-koch-eddsa-for-openpgp-03">
@@ -32,7 +36,7 @@
</address>
</author>
- <date month="March" year="2015" />
+ <date month="August" year="2015" />
<area>Security</area>
<abstract>
@@ -46,12 +50,15 @@
<back>
<references title="Normative References">
- &ed25519;
+ &eddsaed25519;
&rfc.4880;
&rfc.6637;
&rfc.5226;
&rfc.2119;
</references>
+ <references title="Informative References">
+ &ed25519;
+ </references>
&pandocBack;
</back>
</rfc>
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Summary of changes:
misc/id/common/README | 2 +
.../reference.I-D.josefsson-eddsa-ed25519.xml | 24 +++
misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/back.mkd | 3 +-
...-00.txt => draft-koch-eddsa-for-openpgp-03.txt} | 208 +++++++++++++--------
misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/middle.mkd | 19 +-
misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/template.xml | 11 +-
6 files changed, 179 insertions(+), 88 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 misc/id/common/README
create mode 100644 misc/id/common/reference.I-D.josefsson-eddsa-ed25519.xml
copy misc/id/eddsa-for-openpgp/{draft-koch-eddsa-for-openpgp-00.txt => draft-koch-eddsa-for-openpgp-03.txt} (75%)
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