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<a href="https://gitlab.com/dueno">Daiki Ueno</a>
commented on a
discussion on <a href="https://gitlab.com/gnutls/gnutls/-/merge_requests/1262#note_352275853">tests/missingissuer.c</a>:
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<pre style="margin: 0;">+<span id="LC64" class="line" lang="c"> <span class="n" style="color: #333;">gnutls_datum_t</span> <span class="n" style="color: #333;">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span></span>
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<pre style="margin: 0;">+<span id="LC65" class="line" lang="c"> <span class="kt" style="color: #458; font-weight: 600;">int</span> <span class="n" style="color: #333;">ret</span><span class="p">;</span></span>
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<pre style="margin: 0;">+<span id="LC66" class="line" lang="c"></span>
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<td class="diff-line-num new new_line" data-linenumber="67" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(0,0,0,0.3); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: 0 5px;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
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<pre style="margin: 0;">+<span id="LC67" class="line" lang="c"> <span class="n" style="color: #333;">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n" style="color: #333;">data</span> <span class="o" style="font-weight: 600;">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kt" style="color: #458; font-weight: 600;">unsigned</span> <span class="kt" style="color: #458; font-weight: 600;">char</span> <span class="o" style="font-weight: 600;">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n" style="color: #333;">missing_cert_insert</span><span class="p">;</span></span>
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<td class="diff-line-num new new_line" data-linenumber="68" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(0,0,0,0.3); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: 0 5px;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
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<pre style="margin: 0;">+<span id="LC68" class="line" lang="c"> <span class="n" style="color: #333;">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n" style="color: #333;">size</span> <span class="o" style="font-weight: 600;">=</span> <span class="n" style="color: #333;">strlen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n" style="color: #333;">missing_cert_insert</span><span class="p">);</span></span>
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<td class="diff-line-num new new_line" data-linenumber="69" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(0,0,0,0.3); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: 0 5px;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
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<pre style="margin: 0;">+<span id="LC69" class="line" lang="c"></span>
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<td class="diff-line-num new new_line" data-linenumber="70" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(0,0,0,0.3); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: 0 5px;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
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<pre style="margin: 0;">+<span id="LC70" class="line" lang="c"> <span class="n" style="color: #333;">ret</span> <span class="o" style="font-weight: 600;">=</span> <span class="n" style="color: #333;">gnutls_x509_crt_import</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n" style="color: #333;">issuer</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o" style="font-weight: 600;">&</span><span class="n" style="color: #333;">tmp</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n" style="color: #333;">GNUTLS_X509_FMT_PEM</span><span class="p">);</span></span>
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<td class="diff-line-num new new_line" data-linenumber="71" style="width: 35px; color: rgba(0,0,0,0.3); border-right-width: 1px; border-right-color: #c7f0d2; border-right-style: solid; padding: 0 5px;" align="right" bgcolor="#ddfbe6">
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<pre style="margin: 0;">+<span id="LC71" class="line" lang="c"> <span class="k" style="font-weight: 600;">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n" style="color: #333;">ret</span> <span class="o" style="font-weight: 600;"><</span> <span class="mi" style="color: #099;">0</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span></span>
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<pre style="margin: 0;">+<span id="LC72" class="line" lang="c"> <span class="n" style="color: #333;">fprintf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n" style="color: #333;">stderr</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s" style="color: #d14;">"error: %s</span><span class="se" style="color: #d14;">\n</span><span class="s" style="color: #d14;">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n" style="color: #333;">gnutls_strerror</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n" style="color: #333;">ret</span><span class="p">));</span></span>
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<pre style="margin: 0;">+<span id="LC73" class="line" lang="c"> <span class="k" style="font-weight: 600;">return</span> <span class="o" style="font-weight: 600;">-</span><span class="mi" style="color: #099;">1</span><span class="p">;</span></span>
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<pre style="margin: 0;">+<span id="LC74" class="line" lang="c"> <span class="p">}</span></span>
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<pre style="margin: 0;">+<span id="LC75" class="line" lang="c"></span>
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<pre style="margin: 0;">+<span id="LC76" class="line" lang="c"> <span class="n" style="color: #333;">ret</span> <span class="o" style="font-weight: 600;">=</span> <span class="n" style="color: #333;">gnutls_x509_crt_print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n" style="color: #333;">crt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n" style="color: #333;">GNUTLS_CRT_PRINT_ONELINE</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o" style="font-weight: 600;">&</span><span class="n" style="color: #333;">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span></span>
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<pre style="margin: 0;">+<span id="LC77" class="line" lang="c"> <span class="k" style="font-weight: 600;">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n" style="color: #333;">ret</span> <span class="o" style="font-weight: 600;"><</span> <span class="mi" style="color: #099;">0</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span></span>
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<pre style="margin: 0;">+<span id="LC78" class="line" lang="c"> <span class="n" style="color: #333;">fprintf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n" style="color: #333;">stderr</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s" style="color: #d14;">"error: %s</span><span class="se" style="color: #d14;">\n</span><span class="s" style="color: #d14;">"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n" style="color: #333;">gnutls_strerror</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n" style="color: #333;">ret</span><span class="p">));</span></span>
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<pre style="margin: 0;">+<span id="LC79" class="line" lang="c"> <span class="n" style="color: #333;">gnutls_free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n" style="color: #333;">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n" style="color: #333;">data</span><span class="p">);</span></span>
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<p dir="auto">That is true, but <code>gnutls_x509_crt_print</code> can return without touching the <code>out</code> parameter upon failure, e.g., around <a href="https://gitlab.com/gnutls/gnutls/-/blob/master/lib/x509/output.c#L2218">https://gitlab.com/gnutls/gnutls/-/blob/master/lib/x509/output.c#L2218</a>. In that case <code>tmp.data</code> will still point to the static memory.</p>
<p dir="auto">In general, I think you can safely assume that the out parameter is not modified when the operation fails.</p>
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